<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/xsl/rss2html.xsl" type="text/xsl" media="screen"?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/scripts/wpcss/wiki/herodotus/skin/winter/rss" type="text/css" media="screen"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><channel><title>Herodotus - Recently Updated Pages</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/pageSearch/updated</link><description>Recently Updated Pages on http://herodotus.wetpaint.com</description><language>en-us</language><webMaster>info@wetpaint.com</webMaster><pubDate>Mon, 31 Mar 2008 13:04:20 CDT</pubDate><lastBuildDate>Mon, 31 Mar 2008 13:04:20 CDT</lastBuildDate><generator>wetpaint.com</generator><ttl>60</ttl><image><title>Herodotus</title><url>http://www.wetpaint.com/img/logo.gif</url><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com</link><description>Herodotus is the wiki for the Senior Seminar in History at North Dakota State University. It is the medium by which seminarians share and integrate their findings and insights.</description></image><item><title>Bibliography of Secondary Literature on Historical Monuments</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Secondary+Literature+on+Historical+Monuments</link><author>Webbmaster</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Secondary+Literature+on+Historical+Monuments</guid><pubDate>Mon, 31 Mar 2008 13:04:20 CDT</pubDate><description><![CDATA[This annotated bibliography supports work in HIST 489, the Senior Seminar in History at NDSU. Students build and revise the bibliography, establishing the base of secondary knowledge for background and interpretation. (Please make all citations Chicago style.)<br><br><b>Books</b><br><br>Bogart, Michele. <i>Public Sculpture and the Civic Ideal in New York City, 1890-1930.</i> Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/popp-bogart.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Mark Popp</a></blockquote><br>Creighton, Thomas H. <i>The Architecture of Monuments.</i> New York: Reinhold, 1962. <br><br><blockquote>  This book recalls the competition among architects to win the right to build the monument in honor of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This book would be of interest if a person is researching a monument of architectural significance, as it explains how the two concepts (monuments and architecture) are sometimes combined in the U.S. and other countries.--Tim Haugrud</blockquote><br>Davison, Graeme. <i>The Use and Abuse of Australian History</i>. St Leonards: Allen &amp; Unwin, 2000.<br><br><blockquote>  Great book! Somebody review it.</blockquote><br>Ferguson, Andrew. <i>Land of Lincoln: Adventures in Abe&#39;s America</i>. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2007. <br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/easterday-ferguson.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Kurt Easterday</a></blockquote><br>Gjerde, Jon. <i>The Minds of the West: Ethnocultural Evolution in the Rural Middle West, 1830-1917</i>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.<br><br><blockquote>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comfile://134.129.111.90/NDSUWEB/489/monuments/haugrud-gjerde.pdf" target="_self"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Tim Haugrud</font></a> / <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/sullivan-gjerde.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Jared Sullivan</font></a></blockquote><br>Glassberg, David. <i>Sense of History: The Place of the Past in American Life</i>. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/ptacek-glassberg.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Cassie Ptacek</font></a></blockquote><br>Maurice Halbwachs. <i>On Collective Memory</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1992. Pp 244. <br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/eslinger-halbwachs.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Josh Eslinger</a></blockquote><br>Hass, Kristin Ann. <i>Carried to the Wall: American Memory and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial</i>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.<br><br><blockquote>  Hass writes of the difficulty of memorializing this war because of the controversy. It is unique to other memorials because it does not commemorate a triumph or a part of history Americans are proud of. What most people wanted to remember was not the political ramifications, but the people who died, therefore it becomes an individuated memorial. Making of memorials is a reflection of the relationship between individuals and the nation. Remembering individuals in many increases throughout the twentieth century. Hass notes that the controversy of the war keeps the memory of the dead alive.--Emily Eidsmoe<br><br>Somebody review this book!</blockquote><br>Hogarth, Andrew, and Kim Vaughan. <i>Battlefields, Monuments, and Markers: A guide to Native American and United States Army Engagements from 1854-1890.</i> Sydney, Australia: A. Hogarth, 1993.<br><br><blockquote>  This book is basically a guide to every monument and marker dealing with Native Americans in the American Midwest. There is a short history of the engagement or people each monument or marker is portraying, along with pictures. It also gives directions for reaching these markers. As a side note, this is definitely a source for Sitting Bull&#39;s grave, as it addresses both burial sites.--Cassie Ptacek</blockquote><br>Hufbauer, Benjamin. <i>Presidential Temples: How Memorials and Libraries Shape Public Memory. </i>Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2005.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/hansen-hufbauer.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Kelly Hansen</a></blockquote><br>Kammen, Michael G. <i>Mystic Chords of Memory: The Transformation of Tradition in American Culture</i>. New York: Knopf, 1991.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/eidsmoe-kammen.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Emily Eidsmoe</font></a></blockquote><br>Kimball, Stanley B. <i>Historic Sites and Markers along the Mormon and Other Great Western Trails</i>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988.<br><br><blockquote>  This book gives brief descriptions of hundreds of historical markers built along the trails all over the U.S., focusing particularly on those built by Mormons. Each entry gives the location, description, and purpose of its specific subject. This book may be used to identify many reasons that might possess people to erect historical markers.--Tim Haugrud</blockquote><br>Levinson, Sanford. <i>Written in Stone: Public Monuments in Changing Societies</i>. Durham: Duke University Press, 1998.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/hochstein-levinson.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Simon Hochstein</font></a></blockquote><br>Loewen, James W. <i>Lies Across America: What Our Historic Sites Get Wrong</i>. New York: New Press, 1999.<br><br><blockquote>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comfile://134.129.111.90/NDSUWEB/489/monuments/guler-loewen.pdf" target="_self"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Chris Guler</font></a></blockquote><br>Lowenthal, David. <i>The Past Is a Foreign Country.</i> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.<br><br><blockquote>  Somebody review this book!</blockquote><br>McConnell, Stuart Charles. <i>Glorious Contentment: The Grand Army of the Republic, 1865-1900</i>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/spielman-mcconnell.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Matt Spielman</a></blockquote><br>McNeill, William H. <i>Mythistory and Other Essays</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/andrews-mcneill.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by John Andrews</font></a></blockquote><br>Marling, Karal Ann, and John Wetenhall. <i>Iwo Jima</i><i>: Monuments, Memories, and the American Hero</i>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/johnson-marling.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Curtis Johnson</font></a></blockquote><br>Metz, Gabriel S. <i>World War Two Memorial: Recuperating Collective Memory.</i> 2002.<br><br><blockquote>  <i>World War Two Memorial: Recuperating Collective Memory</i> is actually the senior project of Gabriel Metz, a 2002 Landscape Architecture student at NDSU. This book is the result of his work in planning a hypothetical WWII monument in Washington D.C. This is a really interesting look at the nuts and bolts kind of work that goes into creating a monument. Not only was Metz concerned with location, materials, and the actual building of the monument, but he was also concerned with making it a place that would touch people&#39;s emotions, much like the Vietnam Memorial in Washington D.C. It provides an interesting viewpoint that might enrich the understanding of a monument.--Cassie Ptacek</blockquote><br>Mills, Cynthia and Pamela H. Simpson. <i>Monuments</i><i> to the Lost Cause: Women, Art, and the Landscape of Southern Memory. </i>Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/boe-mills.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Matt Boe</a></blockquote><br>Nora, Pierre. <i>Realms of Memory</i>.<br><br><blockquote>  Somebody review this book!</blockquote><br>Norkunas, Martha. <i>Monuments and Memory: History and Representation in Lowell, Massachusetts</i>. Washington: Smithsonian University Press, 2002.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/quirk-norkunas.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Chloe Quirk</a></blockquote><br>Palmer, Bertha Rachel. <i>Beauty Spots in North Dakota</i>. Boston: Gorham Press, 1928.<br><br><blockquote>  This book is available at the NDSU Institute for Regional Studies; I found it there while working on my WPA tour research. Part 3, pp. 187-212, is devoted to &ldquo;Monuments and Memorials.&rdquo; If you&rsquo;re researching a North Dakota monument, check it out. </blockquote><br>Rea, Tom. <i>Devil&#39;s Gate: Owning the Land, Owning the Story</i>. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2006.<br><br><blockquote>  Somebody review this book!</blockquote><br>Reynolds, Donald M. <i>Monuments and Masterpieces: Histories and Views of Public Sculpture in New York City.</i> New York: Macmillan, 1988.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/hillmer-reynolds.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Linsey Hillmer</a></blockquote><br>Savage, Kirk. <i>Standing Soldiers, Kneeling Slaves: Race, War, and Monuments in Nineteenth-Century America</i>. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997. <br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/harris-savage.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Bill Harris</font></a></blockquote><br>Thomas, Christopher. <i>The Lincoln Memorial and American Life</i>. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.<br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/neal-thomas.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Review by Erin Neal</font></a></blockquote><br>Winter, Jay. <i>Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.</i><br><br><blockquote>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/pool-winter.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Review by Adam Pool</a></blockquote><br><b>Articles</b><br><br>Burk, Adrienne L. &quot;In Sight, Out of View: A Tale of Three Monuments.&quot; <i>Antipode </i>38 (2006): 41.<br><br><blockquote>  Burk, Adrienne explores how monuments that are built for the same purpose can far apart in meaning. All three monuments were built to recognise violence in the community but one was recognise a very public act committed while the other two where to bring light on the disappearance and brutality of women that was not being checked on by the local police. He explains how they were built by different groups for their own purpose and how monuments are a symbol to those who build them and those they are built for.--Adam Pool</blockquote><br>Cahalane, Victor H. &quot;A Proposed Great Plains National Monument.&quot; <i>Scientific Monthly Vol. 51</i> (1940): 125-139<br><br><blockquote>  This article was very interesting to me, as it dealt with the possible idea of a Great Plains monument in Southwestern South Dakota. While some of the material seems like Walter P. Webb, it does have some good information about how a monument itself could be created, interestingly enough utilizing animals to showcase the terrain. Cahalane also indicated that there was to be no development in the popular sense of the term. However, I found it a little upsetting that he mentions that even though this area would hold great beauty, people would not like to stay there for long periods of time.--Matt Spielman</blockquote><br>Collison, Gary. &quot;Remembering Man&#39;s Other Best Friend: U.S. Horse Graves and Memorials in Historical Perspective.&quot; <i>Markers </i>22 (2005): 70-107.<br><br><blockquote>  This article talks about horse graves throughout the US. There is a heavy emphasis on thoroughbred racing horses and military horses.--Erin Neal</blockquote><br>Cross, David F. &quot;A Tale of Two Statues: The William Wells Statues At Gettysburg and Burlington, Vermont.&quot; <i>Vermont History </i>73 (2005): 40-62.<br><br><blockquote>  This article described why two identical statues of William Wells were created at Gettysburg and at Burlington, Vermont. Wells is the lowest ranking officer from the Civil War to recieve a statue in his honor, which commemortates his actions at Gettysburg. This is a good article on what Civil War monuments meant to veterans and communities when they were put up.--Matt Boe</blockquote><br>Elliott, Cecil D. &quot;Monuments and Monumentality.&quot; <i>Journal of Architectural Education Vol. 18, No. 4 </i>(1964): 51-53. (Available in JSTOR)<br><br><blockquote>  This is a short article that spoke of the 1960s rebirth of the historical significance of monuments.--Linsey Hillmer</blockquote><br>Greuther, Marc. &ldquo;Persistence of Memory.&rdquo; <i>Technology and Culture</i> 47 (2006): 566-569. <br><br><blockquote>  Somebody check out this article!</blockquote><br>Grissom, Carol A., and Ronald S. Harvey. &ldquo;The Conservation of American War Memorials Made of Zinc.&rdquo; <i>Journal of the American Institute for Conservation</i> 42 (Spring, 2003): 21-38. (Available in JSTOR)<br><br><blockquote>  This article will be helpful with initial information gathering and for ideas on where you could go to hit those original sources we need if your monument is made of zinc. Otherwise it is a short article telling about the different types of old zinc statues, which small towns purchased after the Civil War, and how they need to be preserved. It mentions many ill-fated attempts to save them, which are sad because I could imagine the small town being heart broken after their hero was destroyed in an attempt to preserve it.--Simon Hochstein</blockquote><br>Ireland, Brian. &quot;Remembering and Forgetting at the Waikiki War Memorial Park and Natatorium.&quot; <i>Hawaiian Journal of History </i>39 (2005): 53-74.<br><br><blockquote>  This article tells the story of the Waikiki War Memorial, and how it&#39;s creation distorted the factual reality of what it represents, which is the Hawaiian servicemen who died during World War I. This is a very good description of how the collective memory of a people and what the actual facts show for that memory can differ through a monument.--Matt Boe</blockquote><br>Janney, Caroline E. &quot;Written in Stone: Gender, Race, and the Heyward Shepherd Memorial.&quot; <i>Civil War History</i> 52 (2006): 117-141.<br><br><blockquote>  Somebody check out this article!</blockquote><br>&quot;Northampton Local Monuments: Testaments to an Enduring Historical Legacy.&quot; <i>Historical Journal of Massachusetts</i> 1 (2005): 57-82.<br><br><blockquote>  Somebody check out this article!</blockquote><br>Sherman, Daniel J. &quot;Bodies and Names: The Emergence of Commemoration in Interwar France.&quot; <i>American Historical Review </i>Vol. 103, No. 2: 443-466<br><br><blockquote>  This article discussed how the French began to commemorate their dead. Since the French lost so many men, they felt it was a necessary step to begin doing this.--Matt Spielman</blockquote><br>Theriault, Kim Servart. &quot;Re-membering Vietnam: War, Trauma, and &#39;Scarring Over&#39; After &#39;The Wall.&#39;&quot; Journal of American Culture 26,4 (2003): 421-432.<br><br><blockquote>  This article discusses the phenomenon of the Vietnam War Memorial. It discusses the wall as focusing on a subversive subject while detailing how it came into being. It also examines how it is an active memorial as people visit it to remember comrades, family members, or to connect in some way with our nation&#39;s history.--Mark Popp</blockquote><br><b>Theses &amp; Dissertations</b><br><br>Olson, Daron W. &ldquo;Building a Greater Norway: Emigration and the Creation of National Identities in American and Norway, 1860-1945.&rdquo; PhD dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 2006.<br><br><blockquote>  See abstract in <i><a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://newfirstsearch.oclc.org/html/webscript.html:%3Asessionid=fsapp9-48909-eyndtp23-kjd8kh:sessionid=fsapp9-48909-eyndtp23-kjd8kh:" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Dissertation Abstracts</font></a></i></blockquote><br><blockquote>  Somebody get this dissertation and give us some notes on it!</blockquote><br><i>Rosenior, Derrick Rodney</i>, Ph.D., &quot;Toward Racial Reconciliation: Collective Memory, Myth, and Nostalgia in American Pentecostalism,&quot; PhD dissertation, Howard University, 2005. <br><br><blockquote>  This dissertation discussed how American Pentecostals relied on not only collective memory but myth and nostalgia toward racial healing. The Pentecostals look back on the collective memory of the Azusa Street Revival of 1906 to bring back racial reconciliation. In doing this they have made the people of this revival an example to for racial healing today. --- Chloe Quirk<br></blockquote><b>Government Documents</b>   <br><br><br>Grooms, Thomas B. <i>World War 2 Memorial, Washington, D.C. </i>Arlington: American Battle Monuments Commission; Washington: General Services Administration, 2004.<br><br><blockquote>  Begins with the widespread impact of WW II in the US, how people at the time either participated in it or felt it, and then the impact as a whole of the victory and sacrifice. The book then discusses the symbolism of the memorial, how it came to rest between the Washington memorial and Lincoln memorial, and how it was designed and came to fruition.--Emily Eidsmoe</blockquote><br><b>Web Documents</b><br><br>Osborne, Brian S. &quot;Landscapes, Memory, Monuments, and Commemoration: Putting Identity in Its Place.&quot; Draft paper, <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://canada.metropolis.net/events/ethnocultural/publications/putinden.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://canada.metropolis.net/events/ethnocultural/publications/putinden.pdf</a>.<br><br><blockquote>  Osborne discusses the roles of monuments in the building of a nation and the defining of a people. He says that monuments are used to connect the people to a place and make them feel at home, binding them to the land. He also pushes the idea that monuments provide for an epistemic approach to the landscape. We know what we know about a certain place because the monument is there. He speaks of monuments largely from a national view and uses examples from a Canadian perspective. This article would be a great resource for anyone researching a monument that was created by a group hoping to express/inspire national pride. It also includes a large bibliography with many references that focus specifically on monuments. --Josh Eslinger</blockquote><br>Savage, Kirk. &ldquo;History, Memory, and Monuments: An Overview of the Scholarly Literature on Commemoration,&rdquo; National Park Service, <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.cr.nps.gov/history/resedu/savage.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/resedu/savage.htm</font></a>.<br><br><blockquote>  Savage, author also of a book-length study of war monuments of the 19th century, here summarizes the scholarly literature in a historiographic essay. He notes that &ldquo;the academic literature on commemoration has mushroomed in the past twenty years, constituting a &ldquo;memory boom&rdquo; in the academy. The origins of scholarly interest in collective memory, he notes, are in European literature. American interest along these lines was inspired particularly by the commemoration of the Holocaust and the building of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Savage cites, summarizes, and evaluates a wealth of literature&mdash;work that will be invaluable for this seminar. He largely confines his attention to books, without much sense of the article literature.--Tom Isern</blockquote><br><br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Home</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Home</link><author>Webbmaster</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Home</guid><pubDate>Wed, 09 Jan 2008 13:14:44 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<font size="5"> Herodotus: Wiki for HIST 489</font><br><br>HIBERNATION: This wiki is currently inactive. I taught 489 in fall 2007 and expect to teach it again in fall 2008.<br><br>Welcome to Herodotus, the wiki for the Senior Seminar in History. This will be a nexus of communications and and a focus of work in the seminar.<br><br><a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Announcements+for+HIST+489" target="_self">ANNOUNCEMENTS</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Transactions+of+the+Senior+Seminar" target="_self">TRANSACTIONS</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/History+Happenings" target="_self">HAPPENINGS</a><br><br><b>Roster for Fall 2007</b><br><br><a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Matt+Boe" target="_self">Boe, Matt</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Kurt+Easterday" target="_self">Easterday, Kurt</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Josh+Eslinger" target="_self">Eslinger, Josh</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Kelly+Hansen" target="_self">Hansen, Kelly</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Linsey+Hillmer" target="_self">Hillmer, Linsey</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Adam+Pool" target="_self">Pool, Adam</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Mark+Popp" target="_self">Popp, Mark</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Chloe+Quirk" target="_self">Quirk, Chloe</a> / <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Matt+Spielman" target="_self">Spielman, Matt</a><br><br><b>About the Wiki</b><br><br>Herodotus is the wiki for HIST 489, the Senior Seminar in History at North Dakota State University. Webbmaster--that&#39;s me, Prof. <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Tom Isern</a>, and if you wonder about the second &quot;b&quot; in the name, then visit the <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">seminar website</a> and you&#39;ll figure it out.<br><br>The main purpose of the wiki is to establish a knowledge base for the benefit of all in the seminar. Our common subject of research is historical monuments on the northern plains. Every researcher works on an individual topic in line with this common investigation. Still, there are two types of knowledge we will try to build in Herodotus that will be applicable to all the individual topics.<br><br>The first of these is knowledge of secondary literature. As background to our research, and as a basis for interpretation of our research, we need to establish familiarity with the main lines of secondary historical writing on historical monuments. Each of us will contribute to the knowledge base of secondary literature.<br><br>See: <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Secondary+Literature+on+Historical+Monuments" target="_self">Bibliography of Secondary Literature on Historical Monuments</a><br><br>The second type of knowledge to be registered in the wiki is knowledge of primary sources for research. In pursuit of individual topics, many of us will use some of the same primary sources or same types of primary sources. Each of us will contribute to the knowledge base of primary sources for research.<br><br>See: <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Guide+to+Primary+Sources+on+Historical+Monuments" target="_self">Guide to Primary Sources on Historical Monuments</a><br><br>Besides contributing to the common knowledge base, every seminarian is expected to establish and maintain a home page in the wiki and other pages linked to the home page. The individual home pages are to be linked to names in the roster above.<br><br><b>Your Own Pages in the Wiki</b><br><br>The two pages linked above are ones we will work on together. In addition, you are to establish certain required pages of your own that will document your place and work in the seminar.<br><br>The first of these is your own home page. To create your home page in the wiki, use the &quot;Add a new page&quot; button at right, and select the template, &quot;Home Page for YourName.&quot; Here you will find headings for the information to be filled in. Besides these, you can add other information, if you wish, but keep it pertinent to the seminar. Things not pertinent to the seminar, you can put those into your Wetpaint profile.<br><br>There are templates for the other two required pages, too. Use them to set up one page for your research log and another for your bibliography. Then link the research log and the bibliography into the designated places in your home page.<br><br><b>Credits</b><br><br>Many thanks to Wetpaint, the wiki hosts, for hosting this educational wiki ad-free.<br><br><div align="center">  ---------------------------------------------</div>  <div align="center">  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">HIST 489 Website</a></div><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Bibliography Research of Mark Popp</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+Research+of+Mark+Popp</link><author>markpopp</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+Research+of+Mark+Popp</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2007 16:49:28 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font> <font size="5"></font>  <br><br><a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Mark+Popp" target="_self">Profile Page</a><br><br><b>Secondary Works</b><br><br>Elizabeth Koed, A Symbol Transformed: How &lsquo;Liberty Enlightening the World&rsquo; Became &lsquo;The Mother of Exiles,&rsquo; <u>The Social Contract</u> (Spring 1992): 134.<br><br>Wilton S. Dillon and Neil G. Kotler, ed., <u>The Statue of Liberty Revisited</u> (Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1994). <br><br>Jan Assman, &ldquo;Collective Memory and Cultural Identity,&rdquo; New German Critique 65 (1995): 125-133.<br><br>Maurice Halbwachs, <u>The Collective Memory</u> (New York: Harper and Row, 1980), 80. <br><br>Kirk Savage, &ldquo;History, Memory, and Monuments: An Overview of the Scholarly Literature on Commemoration,&rdquo; National Park Service, http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/resedu/savage.htm. <br><br>David Glassburg, &ldquo;Rethinking the Statue of Liberty: Old Meanings, New Contexts,&rdquo; Department of History, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, December 2003. <br><br>Marti Attoun, &ldquo;Little Sisters of Liberty,&rdquo; <u>Scouting Magazine</u> (October 2007). <br><br>Attoun, &ldquo;Restoring the Little Sisters of Liberty,&rdquo; <u>American Profile</u> (September 7, 2007), http://www.americanprofile.com /article/3455.html. <br><br>Maurice Isserman and Michael Kazin, <u>America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s</u> (New York: Oxford U P). <br><br><b>Primary Sources</b><br><br><div>  Chet Gebert, &quot;Few people visit Fargo Liberty copy,&quot; <u>Fargo Forum</u>, January 25, 1984.<br><br>Chet Gebert, &quot;Landfill may hold Liberty replica&#39;s limb,&quot; <u>Fargo Forum</u>, January 28, 1984.</div><br>Chet Gebert, &quot;Fargo&#39;s Lady Liberty to make reappearance,&quot; <u>Fargo Forum</u>, July 3, 1986.<br><br>&quot;Park board to fix Fargo replica of U.S. statue,&quot; <u>Fargo Forum</u>, May 14, 1986.<br><br>Laure Cioffi, &quot;Replicas persevere in Lawrence Co.,&quot; <u>Vindicator Pennsylvania Bureau</u>, July 5, 2007.<br><br>Cristina Rouvalis, &quot;Carrtying the Torch New Castle, Ellwood City Resotre Lady Liberty Replicas and Discover the History Behind Them,&quot; <u>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</u>, July 4, 2007.<br><br>&ldquo;Lions Monday Will Unveil Statue of Liberty Replica,&rdquo; <u>Fargo Forum</u>, June 22, 1952.<br><br>&ldquo;In Favor Of: Boy Scouts of America Plaque for Statue,&rdquo; Box 1, Folder 27, Check and Deposit Register 1940-1951, North Dakota State University Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, North Dakota.<br><br>Roger Gress interviewed by author, November 7, 2007, Fargo, North Dakota (transcript in possession of author) <br><br>Roger G. Gress to Chuck Barstad, April 26, 1993, Statue of Liberty Folder, Fargo Parks District Records, Fargo, North Dakota. <br><br>&ldquo;Lions Club Board Meeting: February 16, 1950,&rdquo; Box 2, Folder 12, Board of Directors Minutes, August 1946-April 1952, North Dakota State University Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, North Dakota. <br><br>&ldquo;Reasonable Fascimile,&rdquo; <u>Time Magazine</u>, April 24, 1950, Time Magazine online Archives, accessed on October 20, 2007, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,812212,00.html.<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Mark Popp</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Mark+Popp</link><author>markpopp</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Mark+Popp</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2007 16:34:29 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br>Mark is a fifth-year double majoring in History and English Ed. His hometown is Bowman, ND--way out in the SW corner of the state. This is his last semester before student teaching. He hopes that by this time in 2008 he will be teaching and coaching at the high school level.<br><br><br><b>Prospectus for Paper</b><br><br>Mark&#39;s topic is the Statue of Liberty replica on the Red River Bridge. The statue was originally created in the 1950s and put in an open area at Island Park. In 1971, the arm and torch dissapeared from the statue. The Park Board decided to repair the statue when the original Statue of Liberty was renovated for its 100-year anniversary in 1986. Mark does not yet know why the statue was originally built and how it fell into a state of disrepair, or what the current public use/awareness of the statue is. The primary sources Mark expects to use include newspaper archives, meeting minutes from the Park Board and Lions club, as well as personal interviews. Mark&#39;s tentative hypothesis is that the statue is largely ignored by the public, except during larger national movements inolving similar projects or the Statue of Liberty itself.<br><br><b>Required Links</b><br><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Mark+Popp" target="_self">Research Log</a></li></ul><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+Research+of+Mark+Popp" target="_self">Bibliography</a></li></ul><br><ul>  <li>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/popp-bogart.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Book Review</a></li></ul><b>  <br>Additional Links</b><br><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+of+Statue+of+Liberty+replica" target="_self">Outline</a><br></li></ul><br><b>Abstract of Paper</b><br><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Arial"></font></font> <br><font face="Times New Roman"><font face="Arial">The Statue of Liberty replica in Fargo has continually reflected those same values and ideas associated with the original monument in New York. The replica&rsquo;s meaning, and probably more so its importance, has been contextualized by current events, beliefs, and attitudes. Initially, it stood for liberty in the face of communism; it underwent a period of disrepair as American national identity and values floundered; and it represented freedom at its rededication coinciding with the original statue&rsquo;s centennial.</font> </font><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Announcements for HIST 489</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Announcements+for+HIST+489</link><author>kdogg7385</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Announcements+for+HIST+489</guid><comments>spelling corrections on my name and monument</comments><pubDate>Mon, 03 Dec 2007 03:37:25 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[ 	<br><b>Sessions of Papers for Presentation on 10 December</b><br><br>Session 1: Remembrance of War<br><br><ul>  <li>  Linsey Hilmer on the GAR monument in Grand Forks</li>  <li>  Matt Spielman on the GAR monument in Fargo</li>  <li>  Johs Eslinger on the Spanish-American War monument in Kindred</li></ul><br>Session 2: Americana<br><br><ul>  <li>  Kurt Easterday on the Lincoln monument in Hillsboro</li>  <li>  Mark Popp on the Statue of Liberty replica in Fargo</li>  <li>  Kelly Hansen on the Nicollet Tower near Sisseton</li></ul><br>Session 3: Local Legends<br><br><ul>  <li>  Matt Boe on Noble&#39;s Golden Marguerite at NDSU</li>  <li>  Adam Pool on the Budd Reeve monument in Buxton</li>  <li>  Chloe Quirk on the circus worker monument in Wahpeton</li></ul><br><b>28 November</b><br><br>Just got off the telephone with Sylvia Medd, manager of the Sons of Norway. This is Kringen Lodge of the SoN, located at 722 2nd Avenue N., Fargo. We&#39;re confirmed to begin our session of paper presentations at 6pm Monday evening 10 December. Staff there will be serving a crock of meatballs, a meat &amp; cheese platter, a veggie and relish platter, Norwegian pastries, and beverages (coffee &amp; soda).<br><br>Agenda for today:<br><br><ul>  <li>  Dress rehearsal (be prepared to read a bit of your paper, say a little into the second page, and also to introduce a presenter)</li>  <li>  Course evaluations</li>  <li>  Follow-up appointments</li></ul><br><b>Today, 15 November</b><br><br>We&#39;re on to meet today, the usual classroom, the usual time. After that, come on over to CJPP for bison chili. Some points today:<br><br><ul>  <li>  Paper submissions   </li><li>  Editing appointments   </li><li>  Planning of paper presentations</li></ul><br>No class next week, Thanksgiving Wednesday--but I&#39;m around, and we continue appointments &amp; consultations.<br><br>Meet again on 28 November for paper presentation dress rehearsal--watch this page for more on this.<br><br>As noted before, paper presentations beginning 6pm Sunday 10 December at the Sons of Norway.<br><br><b>Presentation Night</b><br><br>We&#39;re on for Monday evening, 10 December, starting 6pm at the Sons of Norway.<br><br><b>Bison Chil &amp; Potluck</b><br><br>4:30 Wednesday 14 November, in lower level of CJPP (room to be posted later here). Bison chili, plus whatever else comes in potluck. For HIST 489 &amp; HIST 431 students, in observance of the Great Plains Folk Festival. We will have seminar meeting at 3:00 in the same place.<br><br><b>Class 7 November</b><br><br>Today we have mostly housekeeping business. Shortly, as you know, I expect draft papers from you. This means that one certain item of bsiness is to schedule editorial appointments. I&#39;ll have my calendar with.<br><br>Second, I&#39;ll be doing a check-up on progress with each of you.<br><br>Third, I&#39;ll report on arrangements for paper presentations.<br><br>Looking ahead--<br><br><ul>  <li>  14 November we will meet to make definite plans for paper presentations   </li><li>  No class on Thanksgiving Wednesday   </li><li>  28 November we will have a sort of dress rehearsal for paper presentations   </li><li>  First week of December I will be out of town</li></ul><br>We now enter the phase of the seminar when most of the work goes underground, that is, involves one-on-one consultations, each of you with me, getting these papers into the best possible shape. Work with me, and support one another, as we bring the enterprise along.<br><br><b>Class 10 October</b><br><br>The agenda gets fairly simple at this point in the semester. It has to do with research on the one hand, writing on the other. I&#39;m going to talk in general terms about the composition of papers, and then look specifically at outlining.<br><br>1. Big picture: the paper and its organization<br>2. Outlining<br>3. Check-up on individual research<br><br><b>Class 3 October</b><br><br>Back in the usual place at the usual time. Agenda still forming up. Definitely talking about the progress of your research.<br><br>ANOTHER NOTICE! IMPORTANT ONE! As noted before, our session on September 26 will be at the Institute for Regional Studies. Also, we will convene at 4:00 rather than 3:00. 4:00, in the institute, for an hour. Other business of the week will have to be done by e-mail, wiki, and individual conference. Thanks for your patience and tolerance.<br><br>NOTICE! On September 26 the seminar will meet in the Institute for Regional Studies - you know, over across 19th Avenue. Some of you already have been in. That&#39;s where we&#39;ll convene, for a conversation with the archivists.<br><br><b>Agenda for 19 September</b><br><br><ul>  <li>  Appoint a scribe for today   </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Book reviews: status reports, scheduling, wrapping up</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Report on Burke by Eslinger</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Report on Kammen by Easterday</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Discussion of prospectus</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Status of secondary research</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Status of primary research &ndash; reports &amp; advice</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Site visits</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Research logs</div>  </li><li>  <div class="MsoNormal">  Bibliographies</div></li></ul><br><b>Agenda for Class Today (12 September)</b> <br><br><br><ul>  <li>  Scribe for this week &amp; last   </li><li>  Book reviews (progress, appointments, final drafts, posting)   </li><li>  Paper topics - get them pinned down   </li><li>  GRHS essay competition   </li><li>  History Department Colloquia   </li><li>  Report on McNeill by Pool   </li><li>  Report on Appleby by Quirk   </li><li>  Appoint reporter for Burke   </li><li>  Appoint reporter for Kammen   </li><li>  Progress in secondary research (building bibliography)   </li><li>  Getting started on primary research   </li><li>  Site visit forms</li></ul><br>12 September: Note this <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://members.rushmore.com/%7Egrhsyouth/members.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">essay contest</a> sponsored by the <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.grhs.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Germans from Russia Heritage Society</a>. Also note the listing of the Vetter family&#39;s Prairie Bells grotto I&#39;ve added to the <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/monuments.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">monuments page</a>.<br><br>7 September: Please note the new page just established, <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Colloquia" target="_self">Colloquia</a>.<br><br><b>Book Review Editorial Meetings</b><br><br>As soon as you have sent me your book review, sign up here for a time for a meeting to go over it. Here are available times (more to be added as we go along). Just fill in your name for a slot. Then meet me in Minard 412C.<br><br>Tuesday 11 September 8:30am: <br>Tuesday 11 September 9:15am: Matt Boe<br>Tuesday 11 September 10:00am: <br>Wednesday 12 September 8:30am: <br>Wednesday 12 September 9:15am: <br>Wednesday 12 September 10:00am: <br>Thursday 13 September 8:30am: Mark Popp<br>Thursday 13 September 9:15am: <br>Thursday 13 September 10:00am: Matt Spielman<br><br>5 September: Agenda for class today<br><br><ul>  <li>  Appoint a scribe for today (thanks to Mark, scribe for last week)   </li><li>  Revisit book review due dates and scheduling of editing   </li><li>  Claim or assign topics for papers   </li><li>  Secondary research: note article postings, where are the rest? Also note matters of style   </li><li>  Report on Carr by Linsey Hillmer   </li><li>  Report on Becker by Matt Spielman   </li><li>  Recruit discussants for McNeill and Appleby   </li><li>  Exercise, &quot;Going to the Source&quot;   </li><li>  Early stages of primary research</li></ul><br>Book Reviews: Assignments are indicated in the <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Secondary+Literature+on+Historical+Monuments" target="_self">bibliography</a>. Pool and Popp, it&#39;s possible I mixed yours up. Check them, OK? And let me know.<br><br><b>Paper Topics</b><br><br><ul>  <li>  Matt Boe would like to claim the Noble&rsquo;s Golden Marguerite Monument (the one about the cow) on NDSU as his own.   </li><li>  Matt Spielman would like to claim the Grand Army of the Republic Monument in Fargo as his own.   </li><li>  Linsey Hillmer would like to claim the Grand Army of the Republic Monument in Grand Forks as her own.   </li><li>  Mark Popp would like to claim the topic of the Statue of Liberty replica on the Red River bridge in Fargo as his own.   </li><li>  Kurt Easterday would like to claim the topic of Abraham Lincoln Statue in Hillsboro as his own.   </li><li>  Adam Pool would like to claim the topic of Budd Reeves Memorial Cairn in Buxton as his own.   </li><li>  Chloe Quirk would like to claim the topic Ringling Brothers Circus Monument in Whapeton as her own.   </li><li>  Kelly Hansen would like to claim the topic of the Nicollet Tower in Sisseton as his own.   </li><li>  Josh Eslinger would like to claim the topic of the Spanish War monument in Kindred as his own.</li></ul><br>29 August 2007: I know it&#39;s a bit late, but mainly for my own benefit, here&#39;s an agenda for the meeting this afternoon.<br><br><ul>  <li>  Appoint a scribe for today   </li><li>  Revisit the assessment sheets   </li><li>  Check progress with Herodotus (accounts opened, pages established)   </li><li>  Reminder: check out Hardhat History   </li><li>  Reminder: check out CHR website, especially <i>Remembrance in Stone</i>   </li><li>  Spielman reports on Webb   </li><li>  Hansen reports on Humboldt   </li><li>  Recruit reporters on Carr and Becker   </li><li>  Review the calendar   </li><li>  Assign book reviews   </li><li>  Go over book review specs   </li><li>  Assign paper topics   </li><li>  Organize secondary research</li></ul><br>27 August 2007: You might want to check out this link in the <i>Christian Science Monitor</i>: <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0824/p02s01-ussc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0824/p02s01-ussc.html</a>. The story has to do with historical memory and monuments pertaining to the Mountain Meadows Massacre of 1857. Ahead of this fall&#39;s release of a feature film, <i>September Dawn</i>, depicting the tragic incident, the Mormon church is repositioning itself in relation to this bad chapter in its past. The article quotes historians, but it also makes plain that the shift in church position is largely due to pressures from church members--in other words, a shift in collective memory.<br><br>26 August 2007: As profiles and home pages start to appear, let me mention a couple of things about rhetoric and format. In your profile, feel free to write in first person and include whatever details you like. Do, however, also open a home page for your work in the seminar, using the &quot;Add a new page&quot; function at right and selecting the template for home pages. And on that home page, put a bio for yourself written in third person.<br><br>23 August 2007: Good, I see that now the invitations have gone out, and Matt Spielman has initiated his home page.--TI<br><br>23 August 2007: Invitations to all seminarians to be members of the wiki went in to Wetpaint yesterday afternoon, but the invitations have not yet come out. I see they are still on the control board waiting for Wetpaint to send them out. Be patient, I guess, and know that I&#39;m not too concerned about that Friday deadline for setting up your home pages; I know the delayed invitations are holding you up.--TI<br><br>18 August 2007: Welcome to all in the fall senior seminar! You&#39;re going to need a Wetpaint account for participation in the course, because the wiki is going to be integral to our transactions. So, go ahead and set up your account. I&#39;ll be sending you an invitation to be a writer, so that you will be able to add and edit pages. After that you can go ahead and set up your own pages in the wiki, as directed on its home page.--TI<br><br>18 August 2007: Check out the website, <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/heritage/stone/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i>Remembrance in Stone</i></a>, established by the Center for Heritage Renewal as a showcase for research performed by students in HIST 489.--TI<br><br>18 August 2007: This wiki has the same name as the weblog, Herodotus, that has served HIST 489 for the past few years. The wiki assumes the functions previously performed by the weblog and also is intended, because of the nature of the medium, to cultivate an attitude of common inquiry.--TI<br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Matt Boe's Research Log</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Matt+Boe%27s+Research+Log</link><author>Matt_Boe</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Matt+Boe%27s+Research+Log</guid><pubDate>Mon, 26 Nov 2007 22:15:17 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br><b>Wednesday September 19, 2007</b><br><br>Today, Matt went to the Archives. He was able to find and read through a file (contents of which will be posted later on bibliography) on Noble&#39;s Golden Margaurite, and more importantly, the location of the monument. However, this monument poses a problem. The monument itself was the grave marker of NGM, but it has been moved to near Sheppard Arena, but the grave itself remains in front of the Engineering and Technology Building. This monument might be in two places.<br><br><b>Monday, September 24, 2007</b><br><br>Today Matt had a fortunate incident while visiting the grave of Noble&#39;s Golden Marguerite. As he was looking around and confused, a kind lady offered some information about the monument and the cow, and even gave him the name of a professor to contact about the monument. Matt thinks that this monument is not as forgotten as it seems to be. <br><br><b>Thursday September 27, 2007</b><br><br>Matt revisted the achives this morning. He was able to figure out the Archives copy machine, though at the sacrifice of lots of paper. Matt thinks he located the exact grave of Noble&#39;s Golden Marguerite. He also learned of another part of the monument, a bust of the cow that was on top of the former Dairy Building. This is a possible third part of the monument. Mike Robinson was also able to give Matt some contact information of persons of interest for his research. This is much appreciated. Now to do the actuall site(s) visit.<br><br><b>Tuesday October 2, 2007</b><br><br>Today I visited the sites of the monument. The monument itself is not hard to find, as it is in front of Sheppard Arena, but the actual grave hard to locate. It is located on the west side of the Dairy Building (or whatever it is called) slightly to the north. Just from visiting the sites, I don&#39;t think any activity takes place with them other than people walking by and wondering what the heck this thing is for. <br><br><b>Thursday October 4, 2007</b><br><br>Today I spent the afternoon at the Archives. I managed to locate an article on Sam Crabbe that might help, and I played around in the Cass County maps. But I must warn anybody looking at county maps; it&#39;s hard to tear yourself away from them. I also used the Biographical Index at the Archives, and it helped me locate 2 sources on Sam Crabbe. Hopefully my next visit can produce more. <br><br><b>Wednesday October 10, 2007</b><br><br>This evening I went to the Archives. I was able to find an article in the Fargo Forum about Sam Crabbe, but it&#39;s usefulness remains to be determined. I also tried to determine the exact date the monument was erected in 1932, but it was an unsuccessful venture. I was looking through that years worth of Spectrums, but I guess the burial of a cow on campus doesnt make the campus newspaper. I also checked out a book on the history of NDSU, but that too proved fruitless, unless I need more background information. Well for my next source to try will be to locate information on the appropritaion from the lesgislature for the creation of the monument. <br><br><b>Wednesday October 17, 2007</b><br><br>Today I went to the Archives, and encountered a major disappoinment. As it turns out, it probably was not an appropriation from the state legislature that paid for the monument. The article I was basing that assumption on had an error in it, so its back to the drawing board for this. I suspect that it was either paid for by the university or the ND Dairymans Association. But I have no clear trail to suspect either. The monument may have just been paid for by private donations. I also searched the Fargo Forum index for something on the dedication of my monument, but that was a big nothing too. Oh well, I guess finding nothing is a sign of something too. <br><br><b>Tuesday October 23, 2007</b><br><br>Today I was slightly disturbed to learn that when you do a Google search for &quot;cow monument&quot;, that my Wiki comes up on page 2. That doesnt help if you&#39;re trying to see if there is other monuments to cows. Anyhow, I have finally reached the point where all I have are vague leads that might provide a scrap of information. For instance I have located a couple of periodicals from the NDAC Dairy Department that might mention NGM, as they are from her time. I also think that maybe the North Dakota Dairymen&#39;s Association might have been the wons who put up the monument. Fortunately, I think the Archives has some of their papers.Now if I can just find some time to get up there......<br><br>Just a side note I should add - You would think that a monument to a champion cow on NDSU campus would be newsworthy, but I have been unable to find any articles in the Fargo Forum or Spectrum from the time the mounment was put up or the time she set her record. You would think that such a thing would make local headlines.<br><br><b>Friday October 26, 2007</b><br><br>Today I followed up on some suggestions from Dr. Isern for finding some potential iformation. I met with Kathie Richardson, who is the Agricultural Sciences Librarian, and she was able to point me in the direction of some periodicals from the 1930s that might help me (tomorrows job is to sort through those), so a big thanks to her. I also went over to the Animal and Range Sciences Department, and just walking in there makes me almost want to change to one of their majors (but thats another story entirely, hehe). ANYWAY, I met with one of the secretaries there and we found a few people who did not know much on NGM, but knew people who did. Unfortunatly , those people whom they suggested were either dead or had left for the day. I suppose Monday&#39;s job is tracking those people down. One thing I did not find is if any of the Dairy Department&#39;s papers still exist, but if they are anywhere, they ought to be in the Animal and Range Sciences stuff (FYI - the Dairy Department merged with the A&amp;R S. in 1970). I guess I did not find any hard facts, but I found some avenues that may produce something. I deserve a big kick in the rear for not doing this sooner....bad, bad Matt.<br><br><b>Tuesday October 30, 2007</b><br><br>Just though I&#39;d mention that a lot of the stuff I am searching through from Friday isnt panning out. But I still need to check back with the folks at the A&amp;R S. Dept. <br><br><b>Friday November 2, 2007</b><br><br>I went to the Archives to look through President Shepperd&#39;s papers (he was presidint of NDAC and in on creating the monument), but I did not find anything relevant to NGM. All I found was one letter from Sam Crabbe, and it did not deal with NGM. I did find out some about another monument, the Turn-Over Monument, which I think is over by New Salem, but nothing on NGM. Yesterday I managed to get some information from the Animal Science folks about the movement of the monument, but thats it. I don&#39;t think there is anything on the dedication of the monument or who made it. Or at least that I can find. Well, now its time to start writng all this down...........<br><br><b>Friday November 16, 2007</b><br><br>I returned to the Archives for an intimate session with the Fargo Forum. Unfortunatly, that yielded ZERO results. I was searching for anything on NGM after her death on August 12, 1932. You&#39;d think that if a cow dies in August, the body would be disposed of pretty quickly, and in NGM&#39;s case, mention of it and the monument being placed on the NDAC campus. I will go back on Monday and go though the August 1932 issues of the Spectrum (ick ick ick). I suspect I wont find anything useful, but who knows. THe Spectrum may have acutally reported useful information (the odds arent in its favor though). Personally, I dont think I will find period evidence that NGM is buried on the NDAC campus, well not beyond a shadow of a doubt. Perhaps we ought to commadeer a bobcat and find out if she really IS buried here...........<br><br><b>Monday November19, 2007</b><br><br>Today I spend a little time at the archives paging through the fall 1932 Spectrum. I found nothing about NGM, or anything of relative importance. This only raises more questions, but at this point I am forced to wrap up my research because of time constraints. I only anticipate getting back there to get a little info on President Shepperd and maybe some campus directories, but thats as far as time will let me go. <br><br><b>Date</b><br><br>Here enter what you did this day. And so on. . . .<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Matt Spielman's Research Log</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Matt+Spielman%27s+Research+Log</link><author>DeadManA8</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Matt+Spielman%27s+Research+Log</guid><pubDate>Fri, 16 Nov 2007 14:39:28 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br><b>Wednesday, September 19th</b><br><br>Today, Matt Spielman began working on primary research for the GAR monument here in Fargo. Also started to write down some basic information to continue him along the path to finding out new information from other historical areas, such as first person accounts, personal interviews, and so on.<br><br><b>Monday, September 24th</b><br><br>Visited my monument in Island Park. Took pictures of monument and also completed worksheet that went with it. Working on a prospectus, but still in production. Happy to finally see my monument and get an idea of how the GAR wanted to memorialize its dead comrades.<br><br><b>Wednesday, September 26th</b><br><br>Went to the Institute for Regional Studies, where Matt Spielman worked with Linsey Hillmer on acquiring some information on the GAR. Linsey and Matt discussed possible avenues to go to acquire more primary information.<br><br><b>Wednesday, October 3rd</b><br><br>Went to the Institute and looked into the Fargo Files, detailing information on Island Park. I really was happy because I found the date when my monument was erected, as well as other information pertaining to the G.A.R. I also found some information on the Abraham Lincoln monument for Kurt. I was really fortunate because this gives me a good starting point for my my research. I now can start looking for information in the 1916 Fargo Forums, as well as other articles of this time. I was able to find two articles detailing when the monument was erected, as well as some information on the dates and times of the monument&#39;s dedication.<br><br><b>Wednesday, October 10th</b><br><br>Went to the Institute to look for more information detailing the Dedication Day events for the Soldier&#39;s Statue. I looked at several rolls of microfiche from the time periods of the dedication of the monuments and, although I thought my eyes were going to pop out, was able to find two articles that gave good support as to when the monument was erected. I also came across some information as to how the Fargo Park Board requires upkeep of the monument itself. Kurt and I also found that Former Governor L.B. Hanna has personal papers at the State Historical Society in Bismarck and we utilized the ILL feature to have them be brought in to the Institute. A representative is coming to the Archives next week and if they get our request in time, they should be with that person. Overall, I believe that I am building a strong base from which I can start my research. <br><br><b>Wednesday, October 17th</b><br><br>Went to the Institute to peruse the Loius B. Hanna papers, which came in from the State Historical Society in Bismarck. I was pleased to find a 10 page manuscript of the dedication speech spoken by Governor Hanna at the dedication of the GAR monument in 1916. I was able to make a copy of the speech and it will be very useful for my paper. I also was able to find a picture of the GAR monument, although I am unsure of the date it was taken. I enjoyed being able to utilize the papers of Governor Hanna, as I feel that these items will bring me closer to finding out more pertinent information. I also located a manuscript for Kurt about his Lincoln Monument, which should be a great help to him. I also inserted some sources into my bibliography, as well as noted several sources from which to note in my paper. <br><br><b>Wednesday, October 24th</b><br><br>Went to the Institute to continue my research. I looked over once more the Louis B. Hanna papers, as well as some ledger books for the Fargo City Commissioners in 1916. I was happy to find a record in the commissioners meeting minutes on Commander Smith Stimmel&#39; address to them regarding the placement of the monument. I copied this and made sure to note the book. I also was able to find a article written by Smith Stimmel on his days working as a personal bodyguard of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. I am still a little unsure of how to utilize this in my paper, but it is a good source of information on a particular man who was instrumental in setting up my monument. I also found some books pertaining to the statue in a book about a discovery Heritage walk/tour of Downtown Fargo. My monument was the first stop on the southern tour route, which I found interesting. It made me think that perhaps this monument is not as forgotten as one would think, although I don&#39;t know how many people have actually taken these tours. In the future, I am going to contact Mr. Gress at the Fargo Park Board and ask him some questions about the monument. Hopefully, he can direct me to some more sources of information that I can use to build my research paper. <br><br><b>Wednesday, October 31st (Happy Halloween!)</b><br><br>Went to the Institute to finally try to synchronize the inner workings of my rough draft for next week. I gathered up all of the material that I have collected in the first few months of the term and began writing the first pages of the rough draft. I still need to find out some more information from Roger Gress from the Fargo Park Board, but I will go to their offices on Friday and try to speak to him myself. On the paper, I basically wrote the introduction and the beginning of the 2nd point of my outline. I am hoping to find some more information on the collective memory of war memorials and monuments to gain perspective on the GAR monument. I also had the chance to look through the North Dakota Historical Quarterly book and decide how I wanted to use the Smith Stimmel story in my research. Hopefully, this information will be of some help to me. Overall, I hope to be able to generate some good points in my rough draft come next week. <br><br><b>Monday, November 5th</b><br><br>Ran by the Institute to print off the pages of the North Dakota Historical Quarterly about Smith Stimmel. I am also hoping to talk to Earl Stewart, a former planner for the City of Fargo. I called him, but he did not answer so I left a message. I also made an appointment to talk to Roger Gress next Wednesday, so I hope he can give me some good info. I am also going to go to my monument on Veterans Day and see if anything is going on around the memorial. <br><br><b>Monday, November 12th (Veteran&#39;s Day)</b><br><br>Went to my monument to see if there were any mementos placed on or around my monument. Sadly, there were none, which tells me something about whether or not the monument has been forgotten. Since I am researching the monument, I consider myself a part of the memory group and I placed a rose on the monument, in honor of those who defended the country during the Civil War.<br><br><br><br><b>Date</b><br><br>Here enter what you did this day. And so on. . . .<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Bibliography of Research by Kelly Hansen</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Kelly+Hansen</link><author>kdogg7385</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Kelly+Hansen</guid><pubDate>Mon, 12 Nov 2007 14:41:07 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[ 	<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font> <font size="5"></font>  <br><br><b>Secondary Works</b><br><br>Bray, Martha Coleman. <i>Joseph Nicollet and His Map.</i> Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society Independence Square, 1994.<br><br>&quot;History of The Roberts County National Bank of Sisseton.&quot; Roberts County National Bank. http://www.rcnbank.com/history.asp (accessed October 18, 2007).<br><br>&quot;Joseph N. Nicollet Tower.&quot; History Museums of the Coteau des Prairies: Sisseton, South Dakota. http://www.sissetonmuseums.org/nicollet_tower.asp (accessed October 18, 2007).<br><br>Nicollet, Joseph N. <i>Joseph Nicollet On the Plains and Prairies.</i> Translated by Edmund C. Bray and Martha Coleman Bray. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1976.<br><br><br><b>Primary Sources</b><br><br>Rasmussen, John. Personal Interview, November 6, 2007.<br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Research Log of Kelly Hansen</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Kelly+Hansen</link><author>kdogg7385</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Kelly+Hansen</guid><pubDate>Sun, 11 Nov 2007 15:20:23 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[ 	<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>  <br><br><b>10-18-07</b><br><br>In preparation for my monument visit to Nicollet Tower, I decided to do some preliminary research about the monument itself via the Internet. The website that provided the most information was www.sissetonmuseums.org. This website provided a biography of Joseph Nicollet, a brief background of the tower, and an exerpt of a video made about Nicollet and the Nicollet Tower. In addition, I also looked into the man who spearheaded the construction of the Nicollet Tower, Harold Torness, who passed away in 1999. I found out on the Roberts County National Bank website that he owned the bank since 1956 and served as president of the bank from 1970 until his death.<br><br><b>10-22-07<br><br></b>Over the weekend, I did not get to make my monument visit as planned. However, one of the things I did do this weekend was get together with some friends from high school. When I asked them about how I could acquire more information about the Nicollet Tower, several people directed me to contact John Rasmussen. Interviews will be essential in my research, and I think he would be a good place to start.<br><br><br><b>11-01-07<br><br></b>Tonight I was studying in the library and did a search for Nicollet&#39;s work there. While I did find a book that should be helpful, I noticed there were a couple books there that were checked out. Hopefully they&#39;ll be returned in time for me to use them.<br><br><b>11-11-07</b><br><br>Last Tuesday, I made a site visit to the Nicollet Tower. I took many pictures (to be displayed soon) and made observations about the tower. (One thing I forgot to do was count how many steps the tower had in all.) While in Sisseton, I also arranged to meet with John Rasmussen, the primary caretaker of the tower and CEO of Roberts County National Bank. The interview I conducted with Mr. Rasmussen wasvaluable to my cause as he wasknowledgable about Joseph Nicollet and the Nicollet Tower and was able to provide a detailed background about how the tower was constructed and how it is maintained. Also, I received through Interlibrary Loan the book about Joseph Nicollet that inspired Harold Torness to construct a monument honoring him, which can be found in the Bibliography section.<br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Research Log of Josh Eslinger</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Josh+Eslinger</link><author>Joshua.Eslinger</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Josh+Eslinger</guid><pubDate>Sat, 10 Nov 2007 20:34:15 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<b>09NOV07</b><br>Josh received the J.A. Osborn collection on microfilm from the State Historical Society. Osborn was a lieutenant in Co K. There was a photograph that Josh had already found and a short letter that was completely unreadable. This is pretty much the end of the line.<br><br><b>05NOV07</b><br>Today Josh went to the Concordia archives to see what they had concerning Dr. Aasgaard who was President of Concordia College and spoke at the monument&#39;s dedication. He found nothing...absolutely nothing that was of any value. Disappointed and defeated he wandered home to cry.<br><br><b>31OCT07</b><br>Josh spent the larger part of his Halloween in the Institute for Regional Studies. While there he researched the Journal of North Dakota History, the Dickinson Press, and a few other documents on the general involvement of the NDNG in the Philippines. Josh found some good information in the Journal of North Dakota History including a diary of another Soldier who was also in Company K of the 1st Dakota Volunteers. While the diary did not mention Ole Lykken, it did direct Josh to the Dickinson Press, which had a correspondent from Company K. The paper had a few little &quot;write-ups&quot; about the death of Ole Lykken (including the cause of death being typhoid fever). He was unable to find much else about the life or death of Ole Lykken.<br><b><br>24OCT07-30OCT07<br></b>This week Jost periodically researched the role that the North Dakota National Guard played in the Spanish-American War and the Philippine Insurection. Given that Company K was based out of Dickinson, ND Josh made the assumption that Ole Lykken probably enlisted while the entire activated force was camped out in Fargo at the makeshift Camp Briggs(named after the Governor at the time). Ole trained in Fargo for a while until he was sent to San Fransisco; from there he made a stop in Honolulu before continuing on to Manila. His unit arrived in Manila in August. The Philippine Insurection was a very important action for the NDNG in that it was their first true deployment, and they fought very well. Twelve soldiers were given the Medal of Honor. In one case a squad of twelve Soldiers charged a line of about three hundred insurgents and forced them into retreat.<br><br><b>23OCT07<br></b>Today was a day filled with dead ends. Josh spent about three hours at the Institute for Regional Studies and the only piece of info that he found out was that Ole T. Lykken died of pneumonia. He researched the Fargo Forum from and around the date of dedication and found nothing about his monument. He also went to work on getting the service record for Ole Lykken. He e-mailed the State Historical Society and the NDANG historian about how to obtain this record. He took advantage of the fact that Gov. Hanna&#39;s papers were at the Institute and looked through them. He found nothing that pertained to his monument. He then thought that he would look through some pictures...the closest thing he found that could possibly be useful was a picture of the Bugle Corps for the 1st Dakota Volunteers who were in the Philippines. Finally, he did a little looking for information on the 1st Dakota Volunteers and managed to find the official history for their actions in the Philippines. From that book, he discovered that Ole Lykken died of pneumonia in Manila on Nov. 21, 1898. Then the place closed for the day, so Josh went to TCBY to enjoy some delicious frozen yogurt. For three hours of researching, he found out that Ole died of pneumonia.<br><br>That night, Josh called George Kruse, a citizen who lives in the area and knows a lot about the cemetary and other things. He talked about the difficulty of finding information about the monument, since the funeral home and other businesses from that time are no longer around. He also talked about observances that are held in the area. Josh discovered that every Memorial Day, the Kindred Legion gathers at the cemetary and reads off a list of the veterans that are buried in the cemetary. Other than that, little is known about the monument by the general community.<br><br><b>16OCT07</b><br>Interlibrary Loan received the <i>Kindred Tribune</i> on microfilm. Josh found a couple of articles from the dedication of his monument. He also found an ad the stated in 1916 that a doctor from Minneapolis could cure cancer.<br><br><b>05OCT07<br></b>Today, Josh started his free afternoon by making a quick visit to the Institute for Regional Studies. While there, he found information on the individuals involved with the monument. He discovered from a March 13, 1900 article in the Fargo Forum that the remains of Ole Lykken, to whom the monument is primarily dedicated, were supposed to be brought back to Kindred in that year. He also researched some information on the two who were behind the establishment of the monument. He also put in a request through ILL for the Kindred Tribune for the time of the dedication of the monument.<br><br>After his visit to the Institute for Regional Studies, he hopped into his pickup and went on a road trip to Kindred. The monument is located in an easy-to-find location next to the highway. After marking the location, taking several pictures and some video, and taking the whole site in, Josh wandered the cemetery looking for Ole Lykken&#39;s grave. He was not able to find another marker for Ole; however, he was able to find the markers for Carl Rustad and Iver Lykken who were the primary people involved in the creation of the monument. After leaving the cemetery, he decided to see if he could locate the sexton of the cemetary. It was late in the afternoon and the only business open was the John Deer place. He decided to go in there and see what he could find out. After asking a couple of questions, a customer told him that the sexton of the cemetery &quot;is here.&quot; The sexton was in the back room of the store. That fine gentleman didn&#39;t know much about the monument off-hand and put Josh into contact with another guy over the phone. This second old man could really talk and after about forty minutes, he basically found out that the extent of what is known was written in the Cass County history (which he found in the Institute for Regional Studies a couple of weeks ago). Finally he obtained some phone numbers, including a number for a Lykken family that is currently living in Fargo.<br><br><b>03OCT07<br></b>Josh visited the library today and asked for assistance on the procedure for acquiring the federal military service records for the individuals to whom the monument is dedicated. He recieved very little worth-while information and researched on-line for himself, but has still to find a way to get the specific records for free.<br><b><br>26SEP07<br></b>Today Josh visited the Institute for Regional Studies. While there he looked at the Cass County histories and several Kindred histories. He found very little information about his monument in the Kindred histories; however, he found a good summary of his monument in a Cass County history. He now knows the date of dedication, where the funds for the monument came from, who pushed for the monument, the name of the individual to whom the monument is primarily dedicated, individuals who attended the dedication ceremony, and a quote from the Kindred Tribune about the pomp on the dedication ceremony.<br><br><b>22SEP07</b><br>Today Josh browsed ND state historical society website. He found contact information and e-mailed Cass County Historical Society asking them if they could provide information on his monument or put him in contact with someone in the Kindred area. Josh also searched the ODIN and listed several research materials he will find when he gets an opportunity to go the the Instituted for Regional Studies.<br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Research Log of Kurt Easterday</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Kurt+Easterday</link><author>NDSUKurt</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Kurt+Easterday</guid><pubDate>Thu, 08 Nov 2007 21:54:46 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br><b>Date</b><br>On Thursday, November 1st Kurt visited him monument in Hillsboro.  He took pictures and got the GPS location.  Kurt was also able to obtain some important and valuable information from the Trail County Courthouse, including a copy of a program that was used during the dedication ceremony and a list of the school financial contributions for the monument.  This day was by far the most productive day of research for Kurt.<br><br>On Wednesday, October 24, Kurt went to the Institute for Regional Studies. He was able to look up some more newspaper articles from the <i>Fargo Forum</i>. More importantly, Kurt was able to find the speeches that Governor Hanna read when he dedicated the Lincoln Statues in both Hillsboro as well as Oslo, Norway.<br><br>After talking to Gloria, Kurt got into contact with Claudia (also on Tuesday, October 23). Claudia had a large amount of information for Kurt. She informed Kurt about some various articles in both the <i>Fargo Forum</i> and the <i>Hillsboro Banner</i> that discuss the monument. Claudia also told Kurt that some family scrapbooks of Paul&#39;s work are at St. Olaf in Northfield, Minnesota and Vaterheim in Decora, Iowa. These scrapbooks may have information that Kurt can use. She was also able to shed light on the question of &quot;why Hillsboro.&quot; Claudia informed Kurt that Paul loved the Norwegian way of life and wanted to incorporate it into the American way of life as much as possible. This is one of the reasons that Hillsboro received the Lincoln Monument, although there can be, and probably are, more reasons that just this. <br><br>On Tuesday, October 23, Kurt received another call in response to the letter in the <i>Hillsboro Banner.</i> This time, Gloria Porter informed Kurt about another person to get hold of. She referred Kurt to contact Claudia Pratt who is of relation to Paul Fjelde, the sculptor of the monument. She also talked about the <i>Sons of Norway</i>, talking specifically about their library and their librarian in Fargo, Dorean Grobie. Gloria believes Dorean may have some information that Kurt could use. Finally, Gloria thinks that having the senior seminar class present their findings at one of the <i>Sons of Norway </i>would be a great event.<br><br>On Monday, October 22, Kurt received a phone call in response to the letter to the editor that he put in the <i>Hillsboro Banner</i>. He talked with Rebecca, the Traill County Auditor. Rebecca informed Kurt that she has a file with information regarding the financial contributions that were made for the creation of the monument. Rebecca has made copies for Kurt, and he plans on picking them up when he visits his monument.<br><br>On Thursday, October 11, 2007, Kurt e-mailed the <i>Hillsboro Banner</i> newspaper and the <i>Fargo Forum</i> to place a letter to the editor in the paper. The goal of this letter was to ask the readers of these respective newspapers to contact Kurt if they have any information about the Lincoln Monument. The <i>Hillsboro Banner</i> e-mailed Kurt in reference to the request and informed him about an article that they wrote about the monument in 2004. A copy of the article was faxed to Kurt, and he was able to find out more info, including the fact that the newspaper has lost of photos of the monument and that there is a &quot;twin&quot; monument in Geneseo, Illinois.<br><br>On Wednesday, October 10, 2007 Kurt went to the Institute for Regional Studies to perform research about the Lincoln Monument. He was able to find out some information about the committee that worked on the statue&#39;s creation in the Fargo Forum. He also found out that the monument was created as a model to the original that was given to Oslo, Norway to recognize the 100 year independence of Norway. <br><br>On Tuesday, October 9th, Matt Spielman informed Kurt of a website that had information about his monument. It stated who was governor when it was created.<br><br>On Wednesday, October 3st, Kurt Went to the Institute for Regional Studies and found out some preliminary information about the Lincoln Statue in Hillsboro. He found a couple of books that provided basic information related to the statue, including when it was dedicated, who the sculptor was, the planning committee members, and that the statue is located in front of the courthouse.<br><br>Here enter what you did this day. Provide sources, repositories, general description of what you did with the material. Make it a record documenting your research.<br><br><b>Date</b><br><br>Here enter what you did this day. And so on. . . .<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Research Log of Mark Popp</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Mark+Popp</link><author>markpopp</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Mark+Popp</guid><pubDate>Thu, 08 Nov 2007 14:21:05 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br><a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Mark+Popp" target="_self">Profile Page</a><br><br><b>11/7/07</b><br>I went to the Parks and Rec. offices to talk with Roger Gress.  He gave me some information on the statue since 1986, as well as some newspaper articles I had been unable to find.  He talked about the statue&#39;s rededication and showed me some blueprints of the design.<br><br><b>11/2/07</b><br>I finally found the exact dedication date in the Forum. It was June 23, 1952. The paper had a picture on the back page of the next day with a brief description. That was pretty dissapointing.<br><br><b>10/31/07</b><br>I went down to the statue to check it out again. I wrote down the text on the plaque and I was going to get a GPS reading... but Jack gave me a sound recorder w/ the GPS instructions. I went to the archives as well to finish going through the Lions Club records. I found one more thing, the meeting minutes of the Board of Directors that covered the initial proposal to fund the statue. I also emailed the boy scout troup, the Lions Club in town, and the Parks Board to try and get more information. I am hoping the Parks Board has some documentation pertaining to the damages done to the statue at various times in its existence. I also know that they contracted the repair work to a local residents.<br><b><br>10/29/07</b><br>I worked on my outline and ordered a few books on the Statue of Liberty through ILL.<br><br><b>10/22/07</b><br>I went to the archives today to try and find some Forum articles on the statue&#39;s dedication. No such luck. I think that maybe the date on the plaque is not when it was donated to the city. I did start going through the Lions Club records. I found information in the group history folder, the correspondance folder (name of the contractor for the base with a design), and I found the financial records for the statue&#39;s purchase, shipping, plaque, and picture. I have yet to find out how much the base was.<br><br><b>Date: 10/19/07</b><br>I stopped by at the Statue of Liberty today. I looked at the base and the plaque and got the date on it.<br><br><b>Date: 9/17/07</b><br>I went to the archives today and looked up some Fargo Forum articles dealing with my topic (1984-1987). They mostly discussed the history of the replica, with a focus on vandalism and the effort to repair it as the 100-year anniversary of the real statue approached.<br><br><b>Date: 10</b><b>/14/07</b><br>I looked for some articles on the general topic of miniature Statue of Liberty monuments. The RG to PL gave me a few newspaper articles from the 80s, but I still couldn&#39;t find anything from the late 40s/early 50s when the movement started. I also printed off a few articles from ProQuest which gave me information on how the movement started.<br><br>Here enter what you did this day. And so on. . . .<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Outline for Linsey's Paper</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+for+Linsey%27s+Paper</link><author>linsey.hillmer</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+for+Linsey%27s+Paper</guid><pubDate>Wed, 07 Nov 2007 12:17:02 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[I. Introduction<br>A. Lead: <font face="Times New Roman"><i>&ldquo;When the last comrade passes over to the bivouac on the other shore, &lsquo;taps&rsquo; for all time on earth will be sounded for the Grand Army of the Republic.&rdquo; &ndash;</i>George Bailey Winship, </font><font face="Times New Roman">Grand Forks GAR Member and Founder of the </font><font face="Times New Roman">Grand Forks Herald.</font><br><br>B. Thesis:<br><br>II. Background<br>A. Historical monuments and collective memory<br>B. The memory group(s) behind your monument: There could still be a few memory groups of the monument but primarily the veterans of the Civil War would be the main memory group. The families of these veterans would also be a group. One particular group that generally was comprised of the wives of the veterans was the Womens Relief Corps, and would be a memory group. All veterans of the United States military should be a memory group.<br><br>III. Upstream: The person or thing to be commemorated by your monument:<br>Not only is the Grand Army of the Republic being honored by the monument but also the 150+ veterans of the Civil War who had started the Willis A Gorman post in Grand Forks, North Dakota.<br><br>IV. Establishment of the monument:<br>The land that the monument sits on was donated to the city and the purchasing of the statue was all done by George Winship of the Grand Forks GAR.<br><br>V. Downstream: Interpretation and subsequent developments pertaining to your monument<br><br>VI. Conclusion<br>A. Confirm the thesis<br>B. Relate your findings to the historical literature<br>C. Explain your findings to the memory group(s): While searching for information at the Chester Fritz Library&#39;s special collections, I came across the WRC&#39;s scrapbooks. They had pages dedicated to their efforts to help support the GAR. Some of the pages had been made to celebrate the dedication of the GAR memorial. Though that memory group has since passed on, they were a memory group for they had taken the time to put it in a scrapbook so that the memory of the ceremony would live on.<br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Research Log of Linsey Hillmer</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Linsey+Hillmer</link><author>linsey.hillmer</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Linsey+Hillmer</guid><pubDate>Wed, 07 Nov 2007 12:11:48 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br><b>09/26/2007</b><br><br>Linsey has forgotten to log her research for the past week. <br>Collectively, she has searched:<br><ul>  <li>  ODIN @ North Dakota State University   </li><li>  ODIN @ State Historical Society of North Dakota   </li><li>  ODIN @ University of North Dakota   </li><li>  Library of Congress Database</li></ul><br>Briefly looked through old ledgers of the Fargo GAR from the Institute of Regional Studies.<br><br><b>10/10/2007</b><br>Linsey had been to the Chester Fritz Library in Grand Forks on October 4th to do research in their archives. After looking through two boxes of materials she had found newspaper clippings and other pertinent information on members of the Grand Forks GAR and of the dedication ceremony of their monument.<br><br><b>10/24/2007</b><br>After researching ODIN for the UND Chester Fritz Library, Linsey found another collection that had belonged to a prominate figure in the GAR of Grand Forks. She also search ancestory.com and found information on this same man, George Winship. Linsey will be visiting the UND library on 10/26/2007.<br><br><b>11/7/2007</b><br>Linsey was unable to visit the UND library on her trip to Grand Forks, however, she did stop at her monument to photograph it. She will be making at least one more trip to visit the GAR monument to document its location and physical features. While searching ODIN, Linsey did come across George Winship&#39;s collection at the Chester Fritz Library. In the biographical sketch it states Winship&#39;s involvement in the Civil War and his later career in the newspaper industry. Winship was the founder of Grand Fork&#39;s newspaper, The Grand Forks Herald.<br><br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Kelly Hansen</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Kelly+Hansen</link><author>kdogg7385</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Kelly+Hansen</guid><pubDate>Tue, 06 Nov 2007 13:47:51 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br>This page details work by Kelly Hansen in the Senior Seminar in History. Kelly is a fifth-year senior who will be graduating in December with a degree in History and a Poli. Sci. minor. He&#39;s from <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browns_Valley%2C_Minnesota" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Browns Valley, MN</a> (pop. 690) which is about one hundred miles straight south of Fargo. He is a 2003 graduate of Sisseton High School in Sisseton, SD. Currently, Kelly works for his <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.hansenpolebuildings.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">family business</a> drafting custom pole buildings. As far as his career aspirations, they are pretty much up in the air. He has yet to discover what he truly wants to do, but would love to try working in the field of radio as he enjoys talk radio, particularly the <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Phil_Hendrie_Show" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Phil Hendrie Show.<br></a><br><b>Prospectus for Paper</b><br><br>The monument that Kelly is researching is the Nicollet Tower in Sisseton, SD. He plans on investigating the details for the construction of the tower. He will also go into detail about the impression that the Nicollet Tower has made on the city of Sisseton and its residents. In addition, he intends to give the background of Joseph Nicollet for whom the tower is named and the impact he had on the Sisseton area during his time spent in the region. Kelly expects to refer to the Interpretive Center for primary sources as they have a lot of information, including a video, about Nicollet and the tower itself. The tower was constructed recently enough to where those who made it possible are still most likely alive; if so, he believes an interview with the person or persons responsible for the construction of the tower would prove valuable. Kelly, based on his knowledge of the monument, expects to find out from a number of citizens that it has become somewhat of a novelty, but he also expects to hear some people say that the monument has benefited the city of Sisseton and made people more aware of the history of the glacial lakes region.<br><br><b>Required Links</b><br><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Kelly+Hansen" target="_self">Research Log for Kelly Hansen</a><br></li></ul><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Kelly+Hansen" target="_self">Bibliography for Kelly Hansen</a><br></li></ul><br><ul>  <li>  <a class="external" href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.comhttp://www.ndsu.edu/instruct/isern/489/monuments/hansen-hufbauer.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Book Review by Kelly Hansen</a><br></li></ul><br><b>Additional Links</b><br><br><a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+for+Nicollet+Tower+Paper" target="_self">Outline For Research Paper</a><br><br><b>Abstract of Paper</b><br><br>One of the last assignments of the term will be to compose an abstract of the paper you have written.<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Bibliography of Research by Matt Boe</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Matt+Boe</link><author>Matt_Boe</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Matt+Boe</guid><pubDate>Mon, 05 Nov 2007 14:17:35 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><font size="5"></font><br><br>(work in progress...I&#39;m still trying to figure out whats primary and secondary..)<br><br><b>Secondary Works</b> <br><br>&quot;Traditions Power Point.&quot; NDSU Alumi Association, 2007 (citation?)<br><br>&quot;Did You Know&quot; NDSU Office oc Admissions, 2007 (citation?)<br><br>&quot;SU is &#39;cow college&#39;.&quot; <i>Spectrum,</i> November 7, 1978.<br><br>&quot;NDAC Campus Is Resting Place For Famous Bovine.&quot; <i>Spectrum</i>, October 15, 1948. <br><br>&quot;NDSU Excavation Project Stirs Interest In Famous N.D. Cow.&quot; <i>The Farmers Forum</i>, August 9, 1963. (still working on citation info for this one)<br><br>&quot;Noble&#39;s Golden Marguerite.&quot; <i>Bimonthly Bulletin: North Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station</i> 5 Vol. 12 (May-June 1950): 160-161. <br><br>Danbom, David B. &quot;The North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the Struggle to Create a Dairy State.&quot; <i>Agricultural History</i> 63 Vol. 2 (1989): 174-186.<br><br><b>Primary Sources</b><br><br>Dice, J. R. <i>Feeding and Management of Dairy Cattle.</i> Agricultural College, N.D.: North Dakota Agricultural College, Extension Division, 1923<br><br>Shepperd, John H. <i>Dairy Evolution in North Dakota</i>. Agricultural College, N.D. : North Dakota Agricultural College, Extension Division, 1922.<br><br>Page, WM. R. <i>The Cow Path</i>. Bismarck: Dept. of Agriculture and Labor, State of North Dakota, 1923.<br><br>&quot;Paper Route Paid Sam F. Crabbe One Dollar a Week.&quot; <i>Fargo Forum</i> No. 81, September 30, 1922: Page 9<br><br>R.L. Polk &amp; Co. <i>Atlas of Cass County, North Dakota</i>, 1906. St. Paul: R. L. Polk, 1906. (Page 144)<br><br>Here enter all primary sources you have used in the course of researching your paper. Make individual entries in the style specified by the Chicago manual. Double-space between entries.<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Outline of Statue of Liberty replica</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+of+Statue+of+Liberty+replica</link><author>markpopp</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+of+Statue+of+Liberty+replica</guid><pubDate>Sun, 04 Nov 2007 22:58:34 CST</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<b> 	I. Introduction  </b><br><b><i> A. Lead</i></b>--It was a Sunday in the fall of 1971 when fourteen-year old Dick Woolf and friends, while walking through Island Park of Fargo, North Dakota, stumbled upon a dismembered arm. The arm and torch of Fargo&#39;s replica Statue of Liberty had been broken off and was lying on the ground. The once proud monument, intended to &quot;remind all the people of the continuing vigilance needed to protect America&#39;s freedom,&quot; was now subject to the antics of a group of teenagers. Woolf claims he and his friends &quot;posed with [the arm]...and chased each other with it and then decided to take it along home.&quot; Because Woolf later threw part of the arm in a trash bin, the statue remained in a state of disrepair for years to come.<br><b><i>B. Thesis</i>-</b>-Fargo&#39;s replica of the Statue of Liberty--donated by the Lions Club and Boy Scouts as a part of a patriotic &quot;Crusade to Strengthen the Arm of Liberty&quot; in response to the threat of communism during the Cold War--has been repaired and relocated, and continues to reflect the ever-changing, many-layered meaning of the original Lady Liberty.<br><br><b>II. Background</b><br> A. Historical monuments and collective memory<br> B. The memory group(s) behind your monument <br>  1.  Boy Scouts of America              <br>  2.  Lions Club  <br><br><b>III. Upstream:  </b>The Changing Idea of the Statue of Liberty  <br> A.  Original meaning of the statue of liberty  <br> B.  Meaning at the outset of the Cold War  <br> C.  Meaning in 1986:  100-year anniversary  <br><br><b>IV. Establishment of the monument&mdash;</b>  <br> A.  J.P. Whitaker of Kansas City  <br> B.  Boy Scouts of America project  <br> C.  Lions Club of Fargo, ND  -the two organizations donate the statue to the city   as part of the broader movement  <br> D.  Placement in Island Park, June of 1952<br><br><b>  V. Downstream: Interpretation and subsequent developments pertaining to your monument  </b><br> A.  Fall, 1971&mdash;statue has been victim of repeated vandalism, loses arm/torch.    <br>B.  1984-largely forgotten by the public  <br> C.  1986-remembered with the 100-year anniversary of the original in NY  <br>D.   Restoration and placement in current location&mdash;how this signifies a change in   national and local sentiment&mdash;perhaps the meaning of the statue itself has    changed.  <br><br><b>VI. Conclusion</b><br>A. Confirm the thesis--will when I can<br>B. Relate your findings to the historical literature<br>C. Explain your findings to the memory group(s)<br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Bibliography of Research by Matt Spielman</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Matt+Spielman</link><author>DeadManA8</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Matt+Spielman</guid><pubDate>Wed, 31 Oct 2007 19:19:28 CDT</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font> <font size="5"></font>  <br><br><b>Secondary Works</b><br><br>Danbom, David B. <i>Images of America: Fargo, North Dakota, 1870-1940</i>. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing, 2002.<br><br>Stimmel, Smith. <i>Experiences as a member of President Lincoln&#39;s body guard, 1863-65</i>. Bismarck: State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1926.<br><br><b>Primary Sources</b><br><br>&quot;Fargo will join with Old Soldiers today to honor memory of dead.&quot; The Fargo Daily Courier-News, May 30th, 1916.<br><br>&quot;Memorial Day Being Generally Observed By People of Fargo.&quot; The Fargo Forum, May 30th, 1916.<br><br>&quot;Soldier&#39;s Stone in Island Park is 8 years old.&quot; The Fargo Forum?, May 30th, 1924.<br><br>&quot;The Boys in Blue---Column Eight.&quot; The Fargo Forum?, Date unknown. <br><br>Speeches and Short Stories, 1914-1916, A217 Box-3 Series III and IV, Louis B. Hanna Papers. State Historical Society of North Dakota, Bismarck. <br><br><hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>The Outline</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/The+Outline</link><author>Matt_Boe</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/The+Outline</guid><pubDate>Tue, 30 Oct 2007 21:05:47 CDT</pubDate><description><![CDATA[I. Introduction<br>A. Lead<br>i. Pretty much my #1 intro I wrote (for now)<br>B. Thesis<br>i. Something like: &quot;This once celebrated cow and her monument lie half forgotten and are regarded as more of a curiosity rather than a sign of achievement&quot;<br><br>II. Background<br>A. Historical Moments and collective memory<br>i. ???<br>B. The memory group(s) behind your monument<br>i. The folks who were pushing dairy cattle in North Dakota<br>a. Specifically those who pushed for the monument, Sam Crabbe (owner), Prf. J.R. Rice (chairmen of Dairy Department), and NDAC President John H. Shepperd (all three were close friends, and dairymen) (working on getting to their papers)<br>b. The monument (in a more general sense) also served as an example that high producing dairy cattle could be achieved in North Dakota (hence all those with dairy cows)<br>II. After the big push for dairy in ND, monument only serves as a curiosity and oddity (maybe this goes downstream??)<br><br>III. Upstream: The person or thing to be commemorated by your monument<br>A. Noble&#39;s Golden Marguarite ( = NGM)<br>i. Set state record for butterfat production in 1921 (not broken until 1960s)<br>ii. Record was 977.7 pounds of butterfat in one year<br>iii. She was buried in front of dairy building, and monument was originally her grave marker<br>B. The Improvement (and development) of the Dairy Industry in North Dakota (repetitive theme throughoutt some of my sources from the time)<br>i. The record &quot;proved&quot; that a quality dairy industry could be created<br>ii. The monument served as becon of what could be achieved in North Dakota<br><br>IV. Establishment of the Monument<br>A. Established by Crabbe, Shepperd, and Rice (alone? it was their idea).<br>B. Monument put up in 1932 (exact date unknown at this time)<br>C. Monument put in front of Dairy Building on NDSU Campus<br>D. Monument is a bronze plaque on a boulder atop the grave of NGM<br>E. Plaque describes her record<br><br>V. Downstream: Interpretation and subsequent developments pertaining to your monument<br>A. Grave nearly disturbed in 1963 due to the excavation for a sewer line<br>B. Record surpased in 1969<br>C. Monument in place until at least 1978, then moved to present location in front of Sheppard Area<br>D. NGM remains in same spot, although unmarked<br>E. Failure of North Dakota to deveop a gigantic dairy industry<br>i. Distance<br>ii. Low grade of dairy cattle<br>F. Decline of Dairy Department at NDAC<br>i. Dairy Building was given over to the Horticulture Department in 1970s when the Dairy Department was dissolved (in 1970)<br>ii. Pretty much because dairy was not taking off like it had been hoped too, hence it wasnt a big industry in the state<br>G. Monument and grave now just a curiosity (need sources on this)<br><br>VI. Conclusion<br>A. Confirm the Thesis<br>B. Relate your findings to the historical literature<br>C. Explain your findings to the memory group(s)<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item><item><title>Linsey Hillmer</title><link>http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Linsey+Hillmer</link><author>linsey.hillmer</author><guid isPermaLink="false">http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Linsey+Hillmer</guid><pubDate>Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:39:30 CDT</pubDate><description><![CDATA[<div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div>  <div align="center">  <font size="5"></font></div><font size="5">HIST 489 (Fall 2007)</font>   <br><br>This page details work by Linsey Hillmer in the Senior Seminar in History. Currently a fifth year student at NDSU, Linsey is originally from Alexandria, Minnesota. She is studying for a degree in Public History with her main interest in Museum Studies and she is also working towards an anthropology minor. This past summer Linsey had the opportunity to intern at the Barnes County Historical Museum in Valley City, North Dakota and found it an eye opening experience on the ins and outs of running a small budget museum. Linsey&#39;s ideal job after getting her masters would be to work for the Minnesota Historical Society at any of their sites or in the Twin Cities. <br><br><b>Prospectus for Paper</b><br><br>The monument that Linsey is researching is the Grand Army of the Republic in Grand Forks, North Dakota. The monument commemorates the veterans and the fallen soldiers of the American Civil War. The sources Linsey expects to be using are meeting minutes of the Grand Forks chapter of the GAR, which hopefully the archives in Grand Forks has and also if there was a state level GAR, to use their meeting minutes. She also expects to contact local Legion and VFW members for more information. Linsey will visit the Grand Forks monument in the coming weeks.<br><br><b>Required Links</b><br><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Research+Log+of+Linsey+Hillmer" target="_self">Research Log of Linsey Hillmer</a></li></ul><br><ul>  <li>  <a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Bibliography+of+Research+by+Linsey+Hillmer" target="_self">Bibliography of Research by Linsey Hillmer</a></li></ul><br><ul>  <li>  Book Review by Linsey Hillmer</li></ul><br><b>Additional Links</b><br><br><a href="http://herodotus.wetpaint.com/page/Outline+for+Linsey's+Paper" target="_self">Outline for Linsey&#39;s Research Paper</a><br><br><b>Abstract of Paper</b><br><br>One of the last assignments of the term will be to compose an abstract of the paper you have written.<hr size="1"><br/>]]></description></item></channel></rss>